Photos with tags not displayed by Windows Explorer

[Hugh]

I'm having an issue with photos which have tags (and ratings) applied by Photo Supreme but where, when I view them in Windows Explorer or view file Properties, the tags are not displayed. When I view the photos in the Android app F-Stop Gallery the same photos appear without tags.

An extreme example is provided by 2 photos which were taken of the same subject seconds apart, the same tags and ratings were applied in Photo Supreme. (Preferences in that program are set to save metadata changes automatically to the photo files. I don't normally have to do anything to make this happen.)
Until yesterday, when I viewed the files in Windows Explorer I could see the tags for one of them (IMG_5932.jpg) but not the other (IMG_5930.jpg).
Photo Supreme has a command to "save metadata to file". Yesterday I applied this to both photos, after which Windows displays the tags for neither.

In previous discussion on this forum I've been recommended to apply the ExifTool command -xmp-microsoft:all= -m to photos where I've encountered similar issues. After applying this command to copies of the 2 photos Windows does show the tags.

I would be grateful if someone with a better understanding of metadata could see what differences between the following pairs of photos would cause Windows to see the tags in one but not the other:

IMG_5932 before PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does show tags).jpg
IMG_5930 before PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does not show tags).jpg

IMG_5932 before PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does show tags).jpg
IMG_5932 after PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does not show tags).jpg

IMG_5932 after PSU re-saved metadata to the file and after editing with ExifTool (Windows does show tags).jpg
IMG_5932 after PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does not show tags).jpg
(the "editing with ExifTool" was the application of the command -xmp-microsoft:all= -m)

[StarGeek]

There is a lot wrong with that first image.

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C:\>exiftool -g1 -a -s -warning -validate "Y:\!temp\x\IMG_5932 before PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does show tags).JPG"
---- ExifTool ----
Warning                         : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4746 Rating
Warning                         : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4749 RatingPercent
Warning                         : [minor] Possibly incorrect maker notes offsets (fix by 230?)
Warning                         : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonCameraSettings
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonCameraSettings data
Warning                         : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonFlashInfo
Warning                         : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonShotInfo
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonShotInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonImageType
Warning                         : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonFirmwareVersion
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid FaceDetect3 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid TimeInfo data
Warning                         : [Minor] Not decoding some large array(s). Ignore minor errors to decode
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid AFInfo3 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonFileInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CustomFunctions2 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid ProcessingInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid MeasuredColor data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid VignettingCorr2 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid LightingOpt data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid AmbienceInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid FilterInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Non-standard ExifIFD tag 0xea1d OffsetSchema
Warning                         : [minor] IPTC TimeCreated too short (7 bytes; should be 11)
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0xa430 OwnerName requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0x8832 RecommendedExposureIndex requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0x8830 SensitivityType requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0xa431 SerialNumber requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : Missing required JPEG ExifIFD tag 0xa001 ColorSpace
Warning                         : Missing required JPEG GPS tag 0x0000 GPSVersionID
Validate                        : 30 Warnings (24 minor)
Several of these are not something to worry about. You can ignore these
Non-standard Rating/RatingPercent/OffsetSchema
ExifVersion 0230 or higher for OwnerName/RecommendedExposureIndex/SensitivityType/SerialNumber
Missing required JPEG
Not decoding some large array

These warnings are a bit more quesionable
Possibly incorrect maker notes offsets
Suspicious MakerNotes offset
Invalid CanonCameraSettings data

I went looking at the DPReview's sample images for the Canon PowerShot G7 X Mark II (about 8 altogether) and none of them showed this many warnings.  The sample I used had all been processed by Adobe LR/PS, so I couldn't check what the actual, direct from camera warnings would have been.

Try running the command I used above on a direct from camera, no processing done, image and see how many warnings you receive. It might be that Photo Supreme is doing an extremely bad job of preserving the metadata.

[StarGeek]

Now that I have first impressions out of the way, some deeper digging.

Results for the second image

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C:\>exiftool -g1 -a -s -warning -validate "Y:\!temp\x\IMG_5930 before PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does not show tags).JPG"
---- ExifTool ----
Warning                         : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4746 Rating
Warning                         : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4749 RatingPercent
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonCameraSettings data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonShotInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid FaceDetect3 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid TimeInfo data
Warning                         : [Minor] Not decoding some large array(s). Ignore minor errors to decode
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid AFInfo3 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonFileInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CustomFunctions2 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid ProcessingInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid MeasuredColor data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid VignettingCorr2 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid LightingOpt data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid AmbienceInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid FilterInfo data
Warning                         : XMP namespace prefix0 is used out of scope
Warning                         : XMP namespace prefix1 is used out of scope
Warning                         : Duplicate XMP property: MicrosoftPhoto:Rating
Warning                         : [minor] IPTC TimeCreated too short (7 bytes; should be 11)
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0xa430 OwnerName requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0x8832 RecommendedExposureIndex requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0x8830 SensitivityType requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0xa431 SerialNumber requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : Missing required JPEG ExifIFD tag 0xa001 ColorSpace
Warning                         : Missing required JPEG GPS tag 0x0000 GPSVersionID
Validate                        : 26 Warnings (17 minor)
This show what is probably the reason that Windows doesn't pick up the rating

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Duplicate XMP property: MicrosoftPhoto:Rating
The re-save on 5932 shows some different problems.  A bunch more Duplicate XMP property warnings

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C:\>exiftool -g1 -a -s -warning -validate "Y:\!temp\x\IMG_5932 after PSU re-saved metadata to the file (Windows does not show tags).JPG"
---- ExifTool ----
Warning                         : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4746 Rating
Warning                         : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4749 RatingPercent
Warning                         : [minor] Possibly incorrect maker notes offsets (fix by -24?)
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonCameraSettings data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonShotInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid FaceDetect3 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid TimeInfo data
Warning                         : [Minor] Not decoding some large array(s). Ignore minor errors to decode
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid AFInfo3 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CanonFileInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid CustomFunctions2 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid ProcessingInfo data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid MeasuredColor data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid VignettingCorr2 data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid LightingOpt data
Warning                         : [minor] Invalid FilterInfo data
Warning                         : XMP namespace prefix1 is used out of scope
Warning                         : [minor] Fixed incorrect URI for xmlns:MicrosoftPhoto
Warning                         : Duplicate XMP property: MicrosoftPhoto:Rating
Warning                         : Duplicate XMP property: ics:TagStructure/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:LabelName
Warning                         : Duplicate XMP property: ics:TagStructure/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 11/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:LabelName
Warning                         : Duplicate XMP property: ics:TagStructure/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 11/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 11/ics:LabelName
Warning                         : Duplicate XMP property: ics:TagStructure/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 12/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:LabelName
Warning                         : [minor] IPTC TimeCreated too short (7 bytes; should be 11)
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0xa430 OwnerName requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0x8832 RecommendedExposureIndex requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0x8830 SensitivityType requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : ExifIFD tag 0xa431 SerialNumber requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                         : Missing required JPEG ExifIFD tag 0xa001 ColorSpace
Warning                         : Missing required JPEG GPS tag 0x0000 GPSVersionID
Validate                        : 30 Warnings (18 minor)
I would check each step of your workflow to see exactly where these problems started. But it seems like Photo Supreme isn't doing a good job of re-writing the metadata.

[Hert]

I would check each step of your workflow to see exactly where these problems started. But it seems like Photo Supreme isn't doing a good job of re-writing the metadata.

Very good advise to take a virgin image (fresh from the camera) and run a test checking what happens after every step in your workflow.

1. Using the "before" 1952 image; Windows Explorer shows the details

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Using the before image:
---- ExifTool ----
Warning                        : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4746 Rating
Warning                        : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4749 RatingPercent
Warning                        : [minor] Possibly incorrect maker notes offsets (fix by 230?)
Warning                        : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonCameraSettings
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonCameraSettings data
Warning                        : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonFlashInfo
Warning                        : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonShotInfo
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonShotInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonImageType
Warning                        : [minor] Suspicious MakerNotes offset for CanonFirmwareVersion
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid FaceDetect3 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid TimeInfo data
Warning                        : [Minor] Not decoding some large array(s). Ignore minor errors to decode
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid AFInfo3 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonFileInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CustomFunctions2 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid ProcessingInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid MeasuredColor data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid VignettingCorr2 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid LightingOpt data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid AmbienceInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid FilterInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Non-standard ExifIFD tag 0xea1d OffsetSchema
Warning                        : [minor] IPTC TimeCreated too short (7 bytes; should be 11)
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0xa430 OwnerName requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0x8832 RecommendedExposureIndex requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0x8830 SensitivityType requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0xa431 SerialNumber requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : Missing required JPEG ExifIFD tag 0xa001 ColorSpace
Warning                        : Missing required JPEG GPS tag 0x0000 GPSVersionID
Validate                        : 30 Warnings (24 minor)

2. After import to Photo Supreme (latest build, all settings at default). Then without making any change, saving the metadata again with Ctrl+S. Windows Explorer still shows all the details.

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---- ExifTool ----
Warning                        : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4746 Rating
Warning                        : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4749 RatingPercent
Warning                        : [minor] Possibly incorrect maker notes offsets (fix by -24?)
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonCameraSettings data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonShotInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid FaceDetect3 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid TimeInfo data
Warning                        : [Minor] Not decoding some large array(s). Ignore minor errors to decode
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid AFInfo3 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonFileInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CustomFunctions2 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid ProcessingInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid MeasuredColor data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid VignettingCorr2 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid LightingOpt data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid FilterInfo data
Warning                        : XMP namespace prefix1 is used out of scope
Warning                        : [minor] Fixed incorrect URI for xmlns:MicrosoftPhoto
Warning                        : Duplicate XMP property: MicrosoftPhoto:Rating
Warning                        : Duplicate XMP property: ics:TagStructure/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 12/ics:SubLabels/rdf:Bag/rdf:li 10/ics:LabelName
Warning                        : [minor] IPTC TimeCreated too short (7 bytes; should be 11)
Warning                        : [minor] IPTC ProgramVersion too long (13 bytes; should be 10 max)
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0xa430 OwnerName requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0x8832 RecommendedExposureIndex requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0x8830 SensitivityType requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0xa431 SerialNumber requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : Missing required JPEG ExifIFD tag 0xa001 ColorSpace
Warning                        : Missing required JPEG GPS tag 0x0000 GPSVersionID
Validate                        : 28 Warnings (19 minor)


3. After running exiftool -xmp-microsoft:all= -m Windows Explorer still shows all the details.

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---- ExifTool ----
Warning                        : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4746 Rating
Warning                        : [minor] Non-standard IFD0 tag 0x4749 RatingPercent
Warning                        : [minor] Possibly incorrect maker notes offsets (fix by -24?)
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonCameraSettings data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonShotInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid FaceDetect3 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid TimeInfo data
Warning                        : [Minor] Not decoding some large array(s). Ignore minor errors to decode
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid AFInfo3 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CanonFileInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid CustomFunctions2 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid ProcessingInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid MeasuredColor data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid VignettingCorr2 data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid LightingOpt data
Warning                        : [minor] Invalid FilterInfo data
Warning                        : [minor] Fixed incorrect URI for xmlns:MicrosoftPhoto
Warning                        : [minor] IPTC TimeCreated too short (7 bytes; should be 11)
Warning                        : [minor] IPTC ProgramVersion too long (13 bytes; should be 10 max)
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0xa430 OwnerName requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0x8832 RecommendedExposureIndex requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0x8830 SensitivityType requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : ExifIFD tag 0xa431 SerialNumber requires ExifVersion 0230 or higher
Warning                        : Missing required JPEG ExifIFD tag 0xa001 ColorSpace
Warning                        : Missing required JPEG GPS tag 0x0000 GPSVersionID
Validate                        : 25 Warnings (19 minor)

Hugh stated that the "after image" is after saving metadata with PSU and then running the -xmp-microsoft command with ExifTool. Yet the result I get is different. I suspect that some other tool is involved. Hence why your advise to run through the workflow and checking after each step is a good one.

[Hugh]

I see that Hert has posted while I've been typing. Thank you, both, for looking into this.

I've saved and deleted what I had typed until I've had a chance to look further into both your responses.

I have used ExifToolGUI on a straight-from-the-camera unedited copy of IMG_5930 and see no Warnings.

Part of my workflow at the time I was working on that photo was to use an external tool to resize the images (to reduce the space taken by the very large number of photos in my album.) I think the tool currently installed is from Microsoft PowerToys. I have just applied that to the straight-from-the-camera copy of the photo and ExifToolGUI shows just one Warning:

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Warning                        : [minor] Adjusted MakerNotes base by -128. StarGeek has suggested that this kind of warning might be relevant to my problem.

I have noticed that no photos taken since September 2021 appear as untagged in F-Stop Gallery. I assume that this means that Windows is correctly showing tags for all photos taken since then. I've checked back and see that I updated Photo Supreme in November 2021, and it's possible that I stopped using the external image resizer then and started using Photo Supreme's option to export resized photos instead.

I'll see if I can think of any other workflow changes that might be relevant.

I apologise if I've implied any unwarranted criticism of Photo Supreme.

I'm hoping that it might be safe for me to apply the -xmp-microsoft:all= -m command to all the problem photo folders for earlier periods, and that all tags will then appear where I want them.

[StarGeek]

I have just applied that to the straight-from-the-camera copy of the photo and ExifToolGUI shows just one Warning:

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Warning                        : [minor] Adjusted MakerNotes base by -128.
StarGeek has suggested that this kind of warning might be relevant to my problem.

If this is the only warning, then it isn't worth worrying about. Many (far too many) cameras don't output proper EXIF data and this is pretty common. But ExifToolGUI might not be showing you all the warnings.  I don't know, as I don't use it. You should double check with the command I used above.

I'm hoping that it might be safe for me to apply the -xmp-microsoft:all= -m command to all the problem photo folders for earlier periods, and that all tags will then appear where I want them.

This will remove the XMP-microsoft:RatingPercent tag, but not the other three ratings tags that Windows will read. See the Windows Metadata post for a list of what tags Windows reads to fill the Properties window.

[Hugh]

So far as I know Windows is now showing the Ratings for all photos (and F-Stop Gallery is picking them up). I did have a problem with this some years ago (and sought help in this forum). However, that doesn't now seem to be a problem.

[Hugh]

I'm sorry to have to ask you this, but my aging brain is struggling. I've tried putting the following code into a bat file.

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exiftool -g1 -a -s -warning -validate "[path to photo file"It seemed to run but I couldn't find any output.
How do I use the command, please?

[StarGeek]

Just run it directly on the command line as I show directly above.

[Hugh]

> Just run it directly on the command line as I show directly above.
Thank you.

I've looked at a few other problem photos and in most of the cases I've looked at there appear to be errors or inconsistencies in the XMP-Microsoft section. For example, I've seen some cases where there are two different RatingPercent tags:

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---- XMP-microsoft ----
RatingPercent                   : 0
RatingPercent                   : 25and one case where the problem may be that there are spurious commas or that the same person appears with maiden name and married name:

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---- XMP-microsoft ----
RatingPercent                   : 0
LastKeywordXMP                  : People/Cath Jones (née Smith), People/Mary Smith, Events/Plays, People/Cath Smith,
LastKeywordIPTC                 : People/Cath Jones (née Smith), People/Mary Smith, Events/Plays, People/Cath Smith,
In these cases Windows shows the tags after applying the command -xmp-microsoft:all= -m

Hopefully, therefore, applying that command may be sufficient to allow Windows and F-Stop Gallery to see the tags.

However, the same does not apply to two other photos taken almost at the same time of the same object.

Comparing line-by-line the metadata between IMG_8610.jpg (for which Windows does not show the tag) and IMG_8611.jpg (for which the tags are shown) I see that both files have XMP-Microsoft sections with no obvious errors. For example:

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---- XMP-microsoft ----
RatingPercent                   : 1
RatingPercent                   : 1
The only difference that I can see (apart from file sizes and date/times and camera settings such as ShutterSpeed) is that IMG_8610.jpg has the following extra section:

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---- XMP-prefix3 ----
IsEnabled                       : 1
RecipeName                      : Recipe
RotateRecipeEnabled             : 1
RotateFriendlyName              : ROTATE
RotateOpacity                   : 255
RotateBlendMode                 : 1
RotateAngle                     : -90
RotateCrop                      : 0
RotateBackgroundColor           : 0
IsEnabled                       : 1
RecipeName                      : Recipe
RotateRecipeEnabled             : 1
RotateFriendlyName              : ROTATE
RotateOpacity                   : 255
RotateBlendMode                 : 1
RotateAngle                     : -90
RotateCrop                      : 0
RotateBackgroundColor           : 0
Viewing the file in Notepad++ I see

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    <rdf:Description rdf:about="" xmlns:prefix3="http://ns.idimager.com/iles/1.0/" prefix3:IsEnabled="1" prefix3:RecipeName="Recipe">
      <prefix3:Rotate rdf:parseType="Resource">
        <prefix0:RecipeEnabled>1</prefix0:RecipeEnabled>
        <prefix1:FriendlyName>ROTATE</prefix1:FriendlyName>
        <prefix2:Opacity>255</prefix2:Opacity>
        <prefix3:BlendMode>1</prefix3:BlendMode>
        <prefix4:Angle>-90</prefix4:Angle>
        <prefix5:Crop>0</prefix5:Crop>
        <prefix6:BackgroundColor>0</prefix6:BackgroundColor>
      </prefix3:Rotate>
    </rdf:Description>So it appears that the rotation was applied in IDImager Photo Supreme (which is where I would usually apply rotation, if needed). Photo Supreme shows it rotated, but Windows does not.

When I tried applying the command -xmp-prefix3= -m in ExifToolGUI I get the output

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Warning: Tag 'xmp-prefix3' does not exist or has a bad language code
Nothing to do.
<-END-Have I got the syntax wrong?

[Hugh]

Incidentally, ExifTool reports no Warnings for a straight-from-the-camera copy photo.

Part of my workflow used to be to use the image resizer supplied as part of Microsoft PowerToys. After applying that to a straight-from-the-camera copy photo, ExifTool displays one warning:

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Warning                        : [minor] Adjusted MakerNotes base by -128.
So that could be why many of my older photos have that warning.

[StarGeek]

Part of my workflow used to be to use the image resizer supplied as part of Microsoft PowerToys.

From FAQ #15, I get MakerNote warnings or errors when reading or writing information

Problems like this may be caused by image editing software which doesn't properly update offsets in the MakerNotes when rewriting an image.

[Phil Harvey]

Part of my workflow used to be to use the image resizer supplied as part of Microsoft PowerToys.

There's your problem right there.  Microsoft doesn't care about you like we do here.

- Phil

[Hert]

As with most editors these days, the editor in Photo Supreme is a so-called "PIE" editor: "Parametric Image Editor". Edits are not applied to the pixels but are stored as a set of parameters which are applied on reading. This is why you don't see the edits in other tools (such as Windows). You can either explicitly overwrite the image or export an image to file to get an output image with the edits applied to it.

Photo Supreme stores the editing parameters in the XMP as the ILES schema (IDimager Lossless Editing Schema). I don't know where you ended up with the "prefix3" but it looks like some tool is being used that is incorrectly rewriting pre-existing XMP, probably because that tool isn't aware of this prefix.

Note that XMP stands for "eXtensible Metadata Platform", meaning that XMP is extensible and not conclusively bounded by a few pre-defined schemas. Software that claims to support XMP should also be able to read and write schemas that that tool is agnostic of.

Here is how a ILES for a rotation should look like:

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    <rdf:Description rdf:about="" xmlns:iles="http://ns.idimager.com/iles/1.0/" iles:IsEnabled="1" iles:RecipeName="Recipe">
      <iles:Rotate>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="" xmlns:ilesRotate="http://ns.idimager.com/iles/1.0/sType/ilesRotate#">
          <ilesRotate:RecipeEnabled>1</ilesRotate:RecipeEnabled>
          <ilesRotate:FriendlyName>ROTATE</ilesRotate:FriendlyName>
          <ilesRotate:Opacity>255</ilesRotate:Opacity>
          <ilesRotate:BlendMode>1</ilesRotate:BlendMode>
          <ilesRotate:Angle>-90</ilesRotate:Angle>
          <ilesRotate:Crop>0</ilesRotate:Crop>
          <ilesRotate:BackgroundColor>#FF000000</ilesRotate:BackgroundColor>
        </rdf:Description>
      </iles:Rotate>
    </rdf:Description>

Compare that to the ILES that you show and note that yours is pretty much corrupted somewhere in the workflow.

[Hugh]

Thanks, everyone, for your responses and for all the time you have devoted to this. I much appreciate it
 
Re the MakerNotes warning. It is there on many photos which work well, so it is not clear that the error is causing my problems. So far, when I have managed to remove other anomalies (by removing XMP:Microsoft metadata where that section contains inconsistencies), the tags problem has gone away while the MakerNotes warning remains. Since my concern is to be able to use tags in Windows and in F-Stop Gallery, it seems that I can ignore the MakerNotes warning.

I think I mentioned previously that I don't seem to have any problem photos in the last 30 months. I hope, therefore, that all the errors I am seeing were caused by whatever was wrong with my earlier workflow. I simply therefore have to correct the old errors!

Rather than trying to fathom out how to correct the corrupted prefix3 section, I would like to remove it from affected photos and then recreate any required rotations. I mentioned above that I had tried the command -xmp-prefix3= -m but that failed. Can you advise me how to remove that section, please?